Subtypes: Aerospace Defense & Security

Disputes arising out of contracts for the procurement, manufacture or supply of space vehicles, missiles, aircraft, military equipment, armaments and ammunition, and associated navigational and guidance systems. 

Disputes concerning all aspects of farming, including cultivating land, raising crops, and feeding, breeding, and raising livestock.

Subtypes: Arts · Media & Publishing · Sports & Recreation

Disputes concerning the leisure, entertainment, and recreational industries. These include the production and promotion of, and participation in live performances, events, or exhibits of historical, cultural, or educational interest; recreational activities including sports; and all types of media, printed and electronic.

Subtypes: Shareholder  · Joint Ventures · Mergers & Acquisitions · Partnerships

Disputes concerning all aspects of the sale, merger and acquisition, ownership and management of business.

Subtypes: Agency · Business Broker · Concession & Leasing · Franchise Agreements · Purchase & Sales · Unfair Competition

Disputes concerning the enforcement or alleged breach of any commercial contract, written or oral and however formed, which is not included in a separately-defined case-type.

Subtypes: Factoring · Household & Office Services · Industrial Services · Maintenance · Sponsoring

Disputes arising from contracts for the provision of general services to businesses and private individuals, including maintenance, cleaning and manpower. See also case-type “Employment”.

Subtypes: Contracts · Design & Engineering 

Disputes arising from all aspects of building construction, infrastructure, engineering and related fields, including consultancies, tendering, design, sub-contracts, and delivery.

Disputes concerning any aspect of education law and regulations. 

Subtypes: Employment Contracts · Executive Employment · Employment Agencies

Disputes concerning all aspects of employer-employee relationships, except the negotiation process covered by labor law and collective bargaining. 

Subtypes: Exploration · Product Distribution ·  Transmission · Oil/Gas

Disputes concerning renewable and non-renewable energy sources, including mining, production, delivery and pricing.

Disputes concerning treaties and contracts subject to environmental and natural resources law and related statutes and regulations; and common and customary laws concerned with the effects of human activity on the natural environment.

Subtypes: Commercial Banking · Financial Services · Securities Investments

Disputes arising from any service of the finance industry, which encompass a broad range of businesses that manage money, including credit unions, banks, credit-card and insurance companies, accountants and auditors, consumer-finance companies, stock brokerages, investment funds and some government-sponsored enterprises.

Subtypes: Biotechnology · Medical Devices · Pharmaceuticals

Disputes concerning diagnostic, preventive, remedial, and therapeutic services provided by health professionals, hospitals and other private, public, and voluntary organizations; medical equipment, pharmaceuticals and health insurance. See also case-type “Insurance/reinsurance”.

Subtypes: Food & Beverage · Accommodations

Disputes arising out of all aspects of the hospitality and travel industry, and potentially raising issues of the laws of contract, construction and anti-trust, as well as torts.

Disputes arising out of claims made on contracts or policies for insurance and reinsurance, whether by the underwriters or by the insured. 

Subtypes: Copyright · Trademark · Licensing · Patent 

Intellectual property disputes, dealing with issues relating to securing, protecting and enforcing legal rights to inventions, designs, and artistic works. 

Disputes arising from licensing agreements, by which, typically, the licensor grants to the licensee the right to produce and sell goods, apply a brand name or trademark, or use patented technology owned by the licensor.  

Subtypes: Automotive · Industrial Equipment

Disputes arising out of contracts relating to automotive and other industrial manufacture. These potentially include alleged product defects, corporate formation, governance, mergers, the manufacturing process itself and marketing. 

Subtypes: Maritime

Charterparties, shipbuilding, leasing, fueling/bunkers, insurance and accidents at sea.

Disputes in which an identified group of individuals with a common interest in the case collectively bring an action against the respondent, typically a corporate body

Includes: Steel/Metals · Chemicals, Plastic & Rubber

Disputes arising out of contracts for the sourcing and mining of minerals and the production of raw materials widely used in other industry sectors. See also case-type “Energy”.

Disputes concerning the administration of government agencies, non-profit organizations and other civil institutions.

This is selected if a case does not fit into one of the defined categories. Data contributors can share information about these cases so that we can continually enhance dispute resolution case types.

Includes: Accounting · Advertising/Marketing/PR · Legal Services · Management/Business Consulting 

Disputes arising out of contracts for professional services, including those provided by architects, accountants, auditors, engineers, doctors (see also case-type “Healthcare”) and lawyers; also those providing  specialist tax advice and management consultancy.

Includes: Land · Realty/Real Property

Disputes concerning the acquisition, ownership and development of land and immovable property. See also case-type “Construction and Infrastructure”.

Disputes concerning the information technology industry, including the design and management of information systems; costs, system design, suitability of information equipment and related services; and the development of integrated information systems, including computer, hardware and software.

Disputes concerning the transmission of words, sounds, images, or data in the form of electronic or electromagnetic signals or impulses, and encompassing wireless communications services including cellular, paging, broadband and public safety.

Includes: Transportation · Packaging, Handling & Warehouses

Disputes arising out of the transportation by any means, and related packing, loading and storage, of goods and commodities.

Includes: Supplier · Buyers · Consumers ·  Distribution

Disputes arising from contracts along the chain of supply from wholesaler via distributor to retailer and consumer.